Hoya to Care for Hoya Plants
I have kept Hoya plants for many years and have successfully grown many other varieties of plants. The following guidelines are mainly based on my own experience and can apply to many types of Tropical Plants. The aim of this guide is to help you to give these beautiful tropical plants a basic level of care. There are other articles in my library that may give you more inspiration, such as this article on Epiphytic Plants
Natural Habitat
As with all Tropical Plants, my aim is to consider the plants’ natural home and try to replicate it to the best of my ability. Over millions of years, Flowering Plants have Evolved into what they are today. They all have common basic requirements, such as light, water and air, but many have more specialised needs. Hoya imbricata, for example, is a specialist. The leaves of this Hoya wrap around branches, forming dense rooted areas that feed and support the plant as it climbs.
In the case of most Hoya, they inhabit Tropical Regions and generally enjoy relatively warm, humid conditions. Tropical substrates for epiphytic plants like Hoya can be as basic as a tree branch or a crevice in bark, and tend to be ‘just moist’ for most of the year. Hoya also encounter heavy rainfall for a few months during wet seasons, or may be exposed to prolonged long dry periods, depending upon the origin of your plant.
Buying Hoya
This is the first, and probably one of the most important steps for you and your Hoya.
When you buy your Hoya, select only the healthiest specimens. If you are buying ‘in person’, this is easy, as you can visually inspect your purchase. Pick the plant or plants up, check the leaves, stem, any visible roots and the overall appearance of the plant before committing to buy. Avoid damaged plants, however attractive a discount may be. Whilst you may well be able to nurse a damaged plant back to health, it is worth spending that extra money on a healthy specimen – you will be rewarded in the long term.
Don’t be afraid to look around the plant and build an opinion of how it has been kept, and always ask questions. Any good Tropical Plant seller, like myself, will be delighted to answer questions about the plant and how to care for it. Get to know your seller – if you like your first purchase, you will probably go back for more!
If you are buying by mail order, ask your seller to provide a photo of the actual plant you are buying. I always send photos with the final invoice, which gives you the opportunity to see what you are paying for.
Always visually inspect the plant on arrival for signs of Pests and Diseases. Whilst I have never had any problems with disease in my plants, I have bought plants online that had unwelcome stow-aways. For example, a purchase from Europe came through with Mealy Bugs, and I’ve had a shipment from within the UK that had Scale Insects.
If you find something untoward that you can treat yourself, put the plant in quarantine for a couple of weeks. This period of isolation will help ensure that your new plant will not pass on any unwanted bugs or diseases to your current stock. Most pests and diseases will manifest within the 2 week period, at which point you either treat the plant and eradicate your problem, or destroy it to remove any trace of the problem. If you take this action you will prevent a wide-scale disaster if something is wrong.
It is a similar process to introducing new fish to an aquarium. Always isolate and observe a new fish for a week or two at least, before introducing it into your main aquarium. This prevents all those expensive fish getting infected and saves a catastrophe!
Please see my ‘Guide to Common Pests and Diseases‘ for Advice on dealing with Tropical Plant problems.
Potting Mix
After you buy your plant, you need to provide it with a good home. Probably the most important thing to do first is to choose the right compost. A good strong root system will give your plant the base it needs to grow strongly. I use a half / half mix of potting compost and Perlite, along with a little sand to add a bit of structure. This mixture gives the roots the optimum airy, well-drained conditions they need. I recommend that you use a similar mix for your Hoya, although some Hoya do require a bit more specialist care.
Many Hoya are epiphytic and merely have nooks and crannies in a tree’s bark as a substrate. They use their roots to anchor themselves into the crevices in the bark, extracting nutrients from the decaying material and water run-off. This tells you that they need good drainage to prosper.
Hoya Cuttings
If you are buying Hoya cuttings, advice varies as to how best to root them. Many Hoya cuttings will root easily in water or moist soil, where others are fussier. Read my article about Taking Cuttings – it is quite simple and can be rewarding. With some cuttings, it can be beneficial to remove the odd leaf. This reduces water loss by transpiration and lessens the stress on the developing root system, allowing healthier, faster rooting. Take a look at my article on Leaves for more information about water management in plants.
Pots
Hoya tend to flower more profusely when pot-bound, so don’t be afraid to leave potting up for an extra year or two. Most Hoyas are well-suited to growing in hanging baskets, but many can easily be kept for years in traditional pots. There are Hoyas that look amazing entwined between other plants, and some, like Hoya kerrii, form huge mats of leaves, speckled with the odd strongly scented flower. The type of pot will very much depend on the plant. I grow all my cuttings and starter plants in 3 inch pots. This usually means they don’t have to be repotted for at least 2 years, which reduces my workload! If they are trailers I grow them from shelves, and if they have a climbing habit I grow them up a trellis.
Hoya Plant Care
With most Hoya, as with most house and conservatory plants, don’t let them sit on a scorching windowsill. Many Hoya can be found in the relatively shady forest canopy, or growing on or around other tropical plants. Indirect light is best, with requirements varying from Hoya plant to Hoya plant. I have a nice Hoya carnosa growing behind a voile in a south facing window and it does very well. I keep a Hoya australis ‘Lisa’ in pretty much full sun and that does well too – Please ‘Contact Me‘ if you want to know more detailed information for specific Hoya varieties.
For example, Hoya obscura prefers shadier conditions, where Hoya australis ‘Lisa’ will cope with most conditions, producing red-tinged leaves in bright light.
Watering Hoya
Allow the compost to become nearly dry between waterings and keep them almost completely dry over the colder months. A dry Hoya can be watered, but a rotten one can’t be dried out!!
I mist most of my Hoyas and other tropical plants with water every few days– most plants enjoy the humidity and it allows me to apply foliar feed in a convenient manner too. I feed with a half strength of organic seaweed extract solution about 4 times in the growing season, and each time a plant is in bloom. When feeding your plants, always start with a weak solution to judge how your plant reacts. Increase doses during the growing season as your confidence grows.
Temperature
Hoya should not be exposed to temperatures below 10 degrees celcius for long. If you are over-wintering them in cool conditions, please make sure they are very dry. Remember that Hoya are Tropical Plants and whilst many are very tough, some have a more demanding nature. I maintain a minimum temperature of 15 degrees celcius for my plants and have good results. A cool winter rest period does benefit many plants, especially cacti and many succulents. Orchids also enjoy rests, allowing reserves to build up that will fuel the magnificent Blooms.
A Note on Naming Hoyas.
Many Hoyas have pseudonyms and there is much debate over name variations of many species. Where there is any doubt over nomenclature, I have listed the plant under the name I bought it.
Molly’s Winter Care Guide
Click the Here for Molly’s Winter Care Guide.
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Natural Habitat
Buying Hoya
Potting Mix
Winter Care Guide
Hoya Cuttings
Pots
Hoya Plant Care
Watering Hoya
Temperature
Naming Hoyas